4) 네트워크의 기본 4. <진짜 실습.DTE/DCE설정, 라우터 기본 명령어>

"DTE/DCE설정"

자! 위와 같이 라우터 두개를 꺼내놓고 시리얼 케이블을 연결 시켜 줍니다. 그 후, DCE쪽인 R2를 클릭해서 콘솔로 들어갑니다.

장치케이블이 어떻게 연결되어 있는지, 케이블의 종류는 뭔지 확인해봅시다.! < 빨간줄을 주의 깊게 보시길..>

Router>enable

Router#show controllers serial 0/0

Interface Serial0/0

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860

DCE V.35, no clock

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0

SCC Registers:

General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8

Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00

Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E

Interrupt Registers:

Config [CICR]=0x00367F80, Pending [CIPR]=0x0000C000

Mask [CIMR]=0x00200000, In-srv [CISR]=0x00000000

Command register [CR]=0x580

Port A [PADIR]=0x1030, [PAPAR]=0xFFFF

[PAODR]=0x0010, [PADAT]=0xCBFF

Port B [PBDIR]=0x09C0F, [PBPAR]=0x0800E

[PBODR]=0x00000, [PBDAT]=0x3FFFD

Port C [PCDIR]=0x00C, [PCPAR]=0x200

[PCSO]=0xC20, [PCDAT]=0xDF2, [PCINT]=0x00F

Receive Ring

rmd(68012830): status 9000 length 60C address 3B6DAC4

rmd(68012838): status B000 length 60C address 3B6D444

Transmit Ring

tmd(680128B0): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128B8): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128C0): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128C8): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128D0): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128D8): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128E0): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128E8): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128F0): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(680128F8): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012900): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012908): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012910): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012918): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012920): status 0 length 0 address 0

tmd(68012928): status 2000 length 0 address 0

tx_limited=1(2)

SCC GENERAL PARAMETER RAM (at 0x68013C00)

Rx BD Base [RBASE]=0x2830, Fn Code [RFCR]=0x18

Tx BD Base [TBASE]=0x28B0, Fn Code [TFCR]=0x18

Max Rx Buff Len [MRBLR]=1548

Rx State [RSTATE]=0x0, BD Ptr [RBPTR]=0x2830

Tx State [TSTATE]=0x4000, BD Ptr [TBPTR]=0x28B0

SCC HDLC PARAMETER RAM (at 0x68013C38)

CRC Preset [C_PRES]=0xFFFF, Mask [C_MASK]=0xF0B8

Errors: CRC [CRCEC]=0, Aborts [ABTSC]=0, Discards [DISFC]=0

Nonmatch Addr Cntr [NMARC]=0

Retry Count [RETRC]=0

Max Frame Length [MFLR]=1608

Rx Int Threshold [RFTHR]=0, Frame Cnt [RFCNT]=0

User-defined Address 0000/0000/0000/0000

User-defined Address Mask 0x0000

buffer size 1524

PowerQUICC SCC specific errors:

0 input aborts on receiving flag sequence

0 throttles, 0 enables

0 overruns

0 transmitter underruns

0 transmitter CTS losts

0 aborted short frames

 

DCE라네요? 그러면 클럭을 설정 해봅시다.(DCE쪽에서 해줍시다.)

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int serial0/0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000

(DCE의 클럭을 64K만큼 설정, 동작)

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<확인>

Router(config)#do show controllers serial 0/0

Interface Serial0/0

Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860

DCE V.35, clock rate 64000

idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0

SCC Registers:

바뀌었죠?

클럭 설정은 네트워크관리사 2급 시험에 나오기도 한답니다.

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"라우터 인터페이스"

라우터는 모듈이라고 하는 인터페이스를 조립할 수 있습니다.

필요할때 마다 기능이 다른 모듈을 장착하고 탈착할 수 있는 기능을 가지고 있습니다.

★ 시리얼을 부를때 오른쪽에서 왼쪽으로 아래에서 위로 순서를 매깁니다.

S0/0 S0/1 S0/2 , S1/0 S1/1 S1/2

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"Interface 상태 보기"

※ Tip. (config)# 즉, 구성모드일때, 앞에 do를 붙이고 뒤에 Usermode에서 사용가능한 명령어(show, ping 등등..)를 입력하면 이루어 진다.

패킷 트레이서나 GNS같은 시뮬레이터에서는 인터페이스의 정보들을 간략하게나마 보여 줍니다.(예를들어 fa0/0, e0/0 등)

하지만, 실제상황에서는 직접 보아야 합니다.

# show interfaces 명령어를 사용하면, 현재 장비에 인터페이스 설정내용등을 볼 수 있습니다. 단, 길다는거...

FastEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.c9da.b301 (bia 0001.c9da.b301)

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 input packets with dribble condition detected

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

FastEthernet0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.c9da.b302 (bia 0001.c9da.b302)

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 input packets with dribble condition detected

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

Serial0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is HD64570

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)

Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)

Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)

Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)

Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

0 carrier transitions

DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down

Serial0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is HD64570

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)

Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)

Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)

Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)

Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

0 carrier transitions

DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down

Serial0/2 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is HD64570

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)

Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)

Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)

Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)

Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

0 carrier transitions

DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down

Serial0/3 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is HD64570

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)

Last input never, output never, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: weighted fair

Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)

Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)

Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)

Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

0 carrier transitions

DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down CTS=down

FastEthernet1/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is Lance, address is 000c.8592.5d01 (bia 000c.8592.5d01)

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 input packets with dribble condition detected

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

FastEthernet1/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

Hardware is Lance, address is 000c.8592.5d02 (bia 000c.8592.5d02)

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

0 input packets with dribble condition detected

0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

 

 

이런 긴것을 보완해서 내가 원하는 인터페이스의 정보들만 볼 수 있도록 하려면 이 명령어를 입력하면 됩니다.

# show interface {se/fa 등..} ?/?

예) #show interface fa0/0

 

그리고, 난 모든 인터페이스를 보고 싶고, 간단하게 보고싶다. 해서 나온게 바로 이 명령어 입니다.

# show ip int brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol

FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

Serial0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

Serial0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

Serial0/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

Serial0/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

FastEthernet1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down

 

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"패스워드 설정"

패스워드 설정 명령어는 (config)# , 구성모드에서 진행 합니다.

 

ⓐ Console 패스워드 구성

(config)# line console 0

(config-line)# login

(config-line)# (no) password (원하는 비밀번호)

 

ⓑ Telnet 패스워드 구성

(config)# line vty 0 4

(config)# login

(config)# [no] password (원하는 비밀번호)

 

(config)# line vty 0 4

(config)# [no] login

 

ⓒ Enable 패스워드 구성

(config)# enable password (원하는 비밀번호)

 

(config)# enable secret (원하는 비밀번호)

(enable모드에서 비밀번호를 입력할때, 화면상으로 비밀번호를 공개하지 않는다.)

 

ⓓ 사용자 계정 구성

(config)# username (지정할 유저네임) password (원하는 비밀번호)

(config)# line vty 0 4

login local

(config)# line console 0

login local

※ 패스워드 암호화

(config)# service password-encryption